Introduction
This is a mid- to late-19th-century villa garden including a walled kitchen garden, with evidence remaining of early-20th-century features, now developed for housing.
Location, Area, Boundaries, Landform and Setting
The Westhill Estate lies to the north of Westhill Road on ground rising gently to the west some 400 m to the west of Shanklin Old Village.
Entrances and Approaches
The approach along Westhill Road is semi rural, with mainly detached houses to the north and to the south hedged open ground, including allotments and a cricket ground. The rural character is enhanced by a wooded slope falling away to the north of the site. To the south and south-east the steeply rising slopes of the Downs provide a sense of enclosure.
The former main entrance from Westhill Road is marked by stone piers and wrought iron gates which are included on the Isle of Wight Council's Local List.
Gardens and Pleasure Grounds
The former gardens are now (2012) fully developed for private housing. Garden features seen on 1928 aerial photographs that still exist include a small octagonal stone edged pond with stone paths linking the pond to a single row of coursed stone columns which mark the inner line of the pergola.
Mature trees remain marking boundaries and within the now divided site where, north of the house, a central access drive follows the line of the former formal path leading to the pond and pergola.
Some perimeter walls and outbuildings remain as evidence of the former kitchen garden.
- Visitor Access, Directions & Contacts
Directions
South West of the town centre adjacent to Cricket Ground
Owners
Multiple private owners of divided site
Westhill Estate, Shanklin, PO37 6QB
- History
19th Century
A house at West Hill is shown on the 1842 Tithe Map (Parker, 1977) and listed in the 1851 Census when it was occupied by William B. Lumbley, a retired Captain of the East India Company, and his family (Shanklin and District History Society). By 1861 they had been replaced by the family of Edward Napier (died 1870), an Army Major General on half pay (Shanklin and District History Society).
The 1866 OS map shows West Hill house set back from what is now Westhill Road to the south. The grounds are marked as divided east-west into three sections, with the house towards the centre. Individual trees and a single clump are shown to the north of the house and the whole of the grounds appear enclosed within a partly tree-lined circuit path forming an inverted U shape. A small building adjacent to Westhill Road is very probably a lodge and another small building to the west is possibly a stable. The circuit path remains on the 1880 OS map which also indicates loosely formal lines of bushes (possibly young trees) to the west and south of the house.
The 1881 census lists Napier's widow in residence (Shanklin and District History Society).
By 1893 the property was owned by Mrs Julia Scaramanga, a wealthy widow and local benefactress (Shanklin and District History Society) and she appointed a gardener at West Hill that year. This was Charles H Snook (1863-1924), formerly of the Royal Gardens at Kew and Shuckburgh Park, Daventry (Shanklin and District History Society).
The 1898 and 1909 OS maps indicate the extent of Snook's work. The ornamental grounds have been greatly extended to the west and this, together with an area to the north of the house are laid out with generally winding paths lined with trees and bushes which provided a variety of circuits around the grounds. Glasshouses are shown in the area to the south of the house, adjoining Westhill Road, indicating a kitchen garden and a conservatory is shown at the south-east corner of the enlarged house. The site area in this period was about 10 acres (4.05ha).
20th Century
Julia Scaramanga died in 1910 and her nephew Constantine Ralli (1854-1934) inherited West Hill. He changed his surname by Royal Licence to Scaramanga-Ralli (http://www.thepeerage.com) and also in 1910 stood unsuccessfully for Parliament as the Island's Liberal candidate.
Charles H Snook was retained as head gardener (Gardeners' Chronicle, 1910). He also had a London residence. By 1924 Scaramanga-Ralli (a banker in New York and author), who also had a London residence, was bankrupt and was released from bankruptcy on 13 June 1928 (London Gazette, 1928).
Aerial photographs taken in 1928 (www.britainfromabove.org.uk) show a much enlarged house with kitchen garden to the south and winding tree-lined paths to the west. The grounds to the north of the house have been redesigned with a more formal path layout and a central path leading from the house to a semi-circular pergola built around a central pond. The most likely date for these new features is after 1910 and before 1924.
Scaramanga-Ralli no longer lived at West Hill when he died in 1934 (The Times, 1934). The ownership and full history of West Hill for much of the later 20th century has not been established.
Maps
- OS 6" to 1 mile 1st edition published 1866
- OS 25" to 1 mile 1st edition published 1880
- 1st revision published 1898
- 2nd revision published 1909
- OS 1:2500 published 1970
- Associated People
- Features & Designations
Designations
Local Listing or Building of Local Importance
Style
Formal
Features
- Pergola
- Ornamental Pond
- Garden Wall
- Gate Piers
- Tree Belt
- Entrance
- Description: former main entrance from Westhill Road is marked by stone piers
- Gardens
- Description: The former gardens are now (2012) fully developed for private housing
- Road
- Description: Westhill Road is semi rural, with mainly detached houses
- Trees
- Description: Mature trees remain marking boundaries and within the now divided site
- Key Information
Type
Garden
Principal Building
Domestic / Residential
Survival
Part: standing remains
Hectares
4
Civil Parish
Shanklin
- References
References
- Isle of Wight Gardens Trust {Walled Kitchen Gardens of the Isle of Wight} (Isle of Wight, 2014) Walled Kitchen Gardens of the Isle of Wight
- 18 December 1923; 3 July 1928. London Gazette
- Parker, Alan G., (1977) The Story of Victorian Shanklin. Shanklin Rotary Club
- 9 July 1910, p.32. Gardener's Chronicle
- 15 July 1893, p.78. Gardener's Chronicle
- 22 March 1934, p1. The Times
- Website Britain from Above
- Website The Peerage
Contributors
Helen Thomas